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University Career Pathways

There are 3 different degrees that you can achieve through a university pathway: Bachelor's Degree, Master's Degree, and PhD.

Bachelor's Degree

  • Undergraduate degree lasting 3 to 4 years and the typical college/university pathway after high school

  • First step towards graduate studies (masters and doctoral degrees) or professional degrees (medical school or law school)

  • Participate in lectures, labs, research, discussion groups, field trips, and co-op and work study programs to earn pay while you study

  • Can choose your schedule and when you want to have classes (ex. In the mornings, at night)

  • Canadian Bachelor’s degrees are globally recognized and equivalent to undergraduate programs in other countries

PICTURE (FLOW CHART) WITH THE DIFFERENT BACHELOR DEGREES

Master's Degree

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  • 1 to 3 years of full-time study

  • Usually requires a Bachelor’s degree as a prerequisite

  • Students attend lectures, complete assignments, visit research sites, and often travel to different parts of the world for training

  • Must complete a heavily weighted dissertation/thesis which is an academic paper that summarizes all the research you conducted during your Masters

  • Benefits

  • Expand your knowledge in a field you enjoy

  • Improves your standing in a competitive field 

  • Ideal for students who are unsure what they want to do after undergraduate studies

  • Receive higher salaries than those with only a Bachelor’s degree

PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)

  • 3 to 7 years of full-time study with guidance from a PhD advisor

  • For students who are passionate about continuously gaining knowledge and wish to discover something new in their field

  • First two years consists of a small portion of coursework and a qualifying exam 

  • Rest of study is for collecting and analyzing data from research and writing your dissertation

  • Chance to mentor undergraduate students

  • Complete a dissertation (50 to 300 pages) and defend it (give a presentation) to a large examination panel 

  • Once completed, students are formally known as “Doctor”

  • PhDs are recognized internationally and put you at the top of your field

  • Applications for a PhD involve personal statements, academic references, and a PhD research proposal (includes major research that is relevant to your thesis/dissertation, research methodology, and resources you will need)

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